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New York Time Review My Struggle Vol 6

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1925 autobiographical manifesto by Adolf Hitler

Mein Kampf
Mein Kampf dust jacket.jpeg

Dust jacket of 1926–1928 edition
Author Adolf Hitler
State German Reich
Language German
Subject Autobiography
Political manifesto
Political philosophy
Publisher Franz Eher Nachfolger GmbH

Publication appointment

 18 July 1925

Published in English

 13 October 1933 (abridged)
1939 (total)
Media type Print
(Hardcover and Paperback)
Pages 720
ISBN 978-0395951057 (1998) trans. by Ralph Manheim

Dewey Decimal

 943.086092
LC Grade DD247.H5
Followed by Zweites Buch

Mein Kampf (German: [maɪn ˈkampf]; My Struggle or My Battle) is a 1925 autobiographical manifesto past Nazi Political party leader Adolf Hitler. The work describes the process past which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Federal republic of germany. Volume 1 of Mein Kampf was published in 1925 and Volume 2 in 1926.[1] The volume was edited first by Emil Maurice, and then by Hitler'south deputy Rudolf Hess.[2] [iii]

Hitler began Mein Kampf while imprisoned post-obit his failed coup in Munich in November 1923 and a trial in February 1924 for high treason, in which he received the very light sentence of five years. Although he received many visitors initially, he before long devoted himself entirely to the book. Every bit he continued, he realized that it would have to be a ii-volume work, with the outset volume scheduled for release in early 1925. The governor of Landsberg noted at the time that "he [Hitler] hopes the book volition encounter many editions, thus enabling him to fulfill his financial obligations and to defray the expenses incurred at the time of his trial."[4] [5] Afterwards deadening initial sales, the book became a bestseller in Germany following Hitler'due south rise to power in 1933.[6]

After Hitler's death, copyright of Mein Kampf passed to the state government of Bavaria, which refused to let whatsoever copying or printing of the book in Germany. In 2016, following the expiration of the copyright held by the Bavarian state government, Mein Kampf was republished in Germany for the outset time since 1945, which prompted public debate and divided reactions from Jewish groups. A team of scholars from the Institute for Contemporary History in Munich published a German-language two-volume almost 2,000-page edition annotated with nigh iii,500 notes. This was followed in 2021 by a ane,000-folio French edition based on the High german annotated version, with about twice as much commentary as text.[7]

Title

Hitler originally wanted to telephone call his forthcoming book Viereinhalb Jahre (des Kampfes) gegen Lüge, Dummheit und Feigheit (Four and a One-half Years [of Struggle] Confronting Lies, Stupidity and Cowardice).[viii] Max Amann, head of the Franz Eher Verlag and Hitler'due south publisher, is said to take suggested[9] the much shorter "Mein Kampf" ("My Struggle").

Contents

The system of chapters is as follows:

  • Volume One: A Reckoning
    • Chapter 1: In the House of My Parents
    • Chapter 2: Years of Study and Suffering in Vienna
    • Chapter three: General Political Considerations Based on My Vienna Period
    • Chapter four: Munich
    • Chapter 5: The Earth War
    • Chapter six: War Propaganda
    • Chapter 7: The Revolution
    • Chapter 8: The Get-go of My Political Activity
    • Chapter 9: The "German Workers' Party"
    • Chapter 10: Causes of the Collapse
    • Affiliate 11: Nation and Race
    • Chapter 12: The First Period of Development of the National Socialist German Workers' Party
  • Book Two: The National Socialist Move
    • Chapter i: Philosophy and Party
    • Chapter 2: The Country
    • Chapter 3: Subjects and Citizens
    • Chapter four: Personality and the Conception of the Völkisch Country
    • Chapter 5: Philosophy and Organization
    • Chapter half-dozen: The Struggle of the Early Period – the Significance of the Spoken Word
    • Affiliate 7: The Struggle with the Crimson Front
    • Chapter 8: The Strong Man Is Mightiest Lone
    • Chapter ix: Basic Ideas Regarding the Meaning and Organization of the Sturmabteilung
    • Chapter 10: Federalism as a Mask
    • Chapter eleven: Propaganda and System
    • Chapter 12: The Merchandise-Union Question
    • Chapter thirteen: German Alliance Policy After the War
    • Chapter 14: Eastern Orientation or Eastern Policy
    • Chapter 15: The Right of Emergency Defence force
  • Conclusion
  • Alphabetize

Analysis

In Mein Kampf , Hitler used the chief thesis of "the Jewish peril", which posits a Jewish conspiracy to gain globe leadership.[10] The narrative describes the process by which he became increasingly antisemitic and militaristic, particularly during his years in Vienna. He speaks of not having met a Jew until he arrived in Vienna, and that at starting time his mental attitude was liberal and tolerant. When he kickoff encountered the antisemitic press, he says, he dismissed it as unworthy of serious consideration. Later he accepted the same antisemitic views, which became crucial to his program of national reconstruction of Germany.

Mein Kampf has likewise been studied as a piece of work on political theory. For case, Hitler announces his hatred of what he believed to be the world's ii evils: Communism and Judaism.

In the book Hitler blamed Deutschland's primary woes on the parliament of the Weimar Republic, the Jews, and Social Democrats, equally well every bit Marxists, though he believed that Marxists, Social Democrats, and the parliament were all working for Jewish interests.[11] He announced that he wanted to completely destroy the parliamentary system, assertive it to be decadent in principle, equally those who attain power are inherent opportunists.

Antisemitism

While historians dispute the exact engagement Hitler decided to exterminate the Jewish people, few place the decision before the mid-1930s.[12] First published in 1925, Mein Kampf shows Hitler's personal grievances and his ambitions for creating a New Guild. Hitler likewise wrote that The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, a fabricated text which purported to expose the Jewish plot to control the world,[thirteen] was an authentic document. This later became a part of the Nazi propaganda effort to justify persecution and annihilation of the Jews.[14] [15]

The historian Ian Kershaw points out that several passages in Mein Kampf are undeniably of a genocidal nature.[16] Hitler wrote "the nationalization of our masses will succeed only when, aside from all the positive struggle for the soul of our people, their international poisoners are exterminated",[17] and he suggested that, "If at the get-go of the state of war and during the war twelve or fifteen chiliad of these Hebrew corrupters of the nation had been subjected to poison gas, such equally had to be endured in the field past hundreds of thousands of our very all-time High german workers of all classes and professions, and so the sacrifice of millions at the front would not have been in vain."[eighteen]

The racial laws to which Hitler referred resonate straight with his ideas in Mein Kampf . In the start edition, Hitler stated that the destruction of the weak and ill is far more humane than their protection. Apart from this allusion to humane treatment, Hitler saw a purpose in destroying "the weak" in order to provide the proper space and purity for the "strong".[19]

Anti-Slavism and Lebensraum ("living space")

Hitler described that when he was in Vienna information technology was repugnant for him to see the mixture of races "of Czechs, Poles, Hungarians, Ruthenians (Ukranians), Serbs and Croats, and always that infection which dissolves human society, the Jew, were all hither and there and everywhere."[20]

He as well wrote that he viewed the Japanese victory over the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 as a "blow to Austrian Slavism".[21]

In the chapter "Eastern Orientation or Eastern Policy", Hitler argued that the Germans needed Lebensraum in the Due east, a "historic destiny" that would properly nurture the German people.[22] Hitler believed that "the organization of a Russian state germination was non the result of the political abilities of the Slavs in Russian federation, simply only a wonderful example of the land-forming efficacy of the German element in an inferior race."[23]

In Mein Kampf Hitler openly stated the future German expansion in the Due east, foreshadowing Generalplan Ost:

And and then we National Socialists consciously draw a line below the foreign policy tendency of our pre-War menstruation. We have up where we broke off 6 hundred years ago. We end the endless High german move to the south and west, and plow our gaze toward the country in the east. At long last we suspension off the colonial and commercial policy of the pre-State of war catamenia and shift to the soil policy of the future. If nosotros speak of soil in Europe today, we can primarily have in mind just Russia and her vassal border states.[24]

Hitler wrote that he was confronting any attempts to Germanise Slavs and criticised the previous attempts at trying to Germanise the Austrian Slavs. He besides criticised people in pan-German language movements in Germany who thought that forcing ethnic Poles living in Germany to speak the High german linguistic communication would plough them into Germans; he believed that would accept caused a "strange race" by its own "inferiority" to damage the "dignity" and "dignity" of the German nation.[25]

Popularity

Arabic edition of Mein Kampf

Although Hitler originally wrote Mein Kampf generally for the followers of National Socialism, it grew in popularity after he rose to power. (Two other books written by party members, Gottfried Feder's Breaking The Involvement Slavery and Alfred Rosenberg'south The Myth of the Twentieth Century, have since lapsed into comparative literary obscurity.)[26] Hitler had fabricated about 1.ii one thousand thousand Reichsmarks from the income of the book by 1933 (equivalent to €five,139,482 in 2017), when the average almanac income of a teacher was about iv,800 Marks (equivalent to €20,558 in 2017).[26] [27] He accumulated a tax debt of 405,500 Reichsmark (very roughly in 2015 one.ane meg GBP, one.4 one thousand thousand EUR, 1.5 million USD) from the sale of about 240,000 copies before he became chancellor in 1933 (at which time his debt was waived).[26] [27]

Hitler began to altitude himself from the volume after becoming chancellor of Germany in 1933. He dismissed it equally "fantasies behind bars" that were little more a serial of articles for the Völkischer Beobachter , and later on told Hans Frank that "If I had had any idea in 1924 that I would have go Reich chancellor, I never would have written the book."[28] Notwithstanding, Mein Kampf was a bestseller in Germany during the 1930s.[29] During Hitler's years in ability, the book was in high demand in libraries and often reviewed and quoted in other publications. It was given free to every newlywed couple and every soldier fighting at the front.[26] By 1939 it had sold 5.2 million copies in eleven languages.[xxx] Past the end of the war, about 10 million copies of the book had been sold or distributed in Deutschland.[ citation needed ]

Contemporary observations

Mein Kampf , in essence, lays out the ideological program Hitler established for the German language revolution, by identifying the Jews and "Bolsheviks" as racially and ideologically inferior and threatening, and "Aryans" and National Socialists as racially superior and politically progressive. Hitler's revolutionary goals included expulsion of the Jews from Greater Germany and the unification of German peoples into one Greater Frg. Hitler desired to restore High german lands to their greatest historical extent, real or imagined.

Due to its racist content and the historical effect of Nazism upon Europe during World War Ii and the Holocaust, it is considered a highly controversial book. Criticism has not come up solely from opponents of Nazism. Italian Fascist dictator and Nazi marry Benito Mussolini was also critical of the book, saying that information technology was "a boring tome that I have never been able to read" and remarking that Hitler'south beliefs, as expressed in the book, were "little more commonplace clichés".[31]

The German journalist Konrad Heiden, an early critic of the Nazi Party, observed that the content of Mein Kampf is substantially a political argument with other members of the Nazi Party who had appeared to be Hitler's friends, but whom he was really denouncing in the book's content – sometimes by not fifty-fifty including references to them.[ citation needed ]

The American literary theorist and philosopher Kenneth Burke wrote a 1939 rhetorical analysis of the work, The Rhetoric of Hitler's "Battle", which revealed an underlying bulletin of aggressive intent.[32]

The American journalist John Gunther said in 1940 that compared to the autobiographies such as Leon Trotsky's My Life or Henry Adams'south The Pedagogy of Henry Adams, Mein Kampf was "vapid, vain, rhetorical, diffuse, prolix." Even so, he added that "it is a powerful and moving volume, the product of great passionate feeling". He suggested that the volume wearied curious High german readers, but its "ceaseless repetition of the statement, left impregnably in their minds, fecund and germinating".[33]

In March 1940, British author George Orwell reviewed a and then-recently published uncensored translation of Mein Kampf for The New English Weekly. Orwell suggested that the force of Hitler'south personality shone through the oft "clumsy" writing, capturing the magnetic allure of Hitler for many Germans. In essence, Orwell notes, Hitler offers simply visions of endless struggle and disharmonize in the creation of "a horrible brainless empire" that "stretch[es] to Afghanistan or thereabouts". He wrote, "Whereas Socialism, and even commercialism in a more grudging way, have said to people 'I offering you a good time,' Hitler has said to them, 'I offer you struggle, danger, and death,' and as a effect a whole nation flings itself at his feet." Orwell's review was written in the aftermath of the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, when Hitler made peace with USSR after more than than a decade of vitriolic rhetoric and threats betwixt the ii nations; with the pact in place, Orwell believed, England was now facing a risk of Nazi assail and the U.k. must non underestimate the appeal of Hitler'due south ideas.[34]

In his 1943 book The Menace of the Herd, Austrian scholar Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn[35] described Hitler's ideas in Mein Kampf and elsewhere equally "a veritable reductio ad absurdum of 'progressive' thought"[36] and betraying "a curious lack of original thought" that shows Hitler offered no innovative or original ideas simply was only "a virtuoso of commonplaces which he may or may not repeat in the guise of a 'new discovery.'"[37] Hitler's stated aim, Kuehnelt-Leddihn writes, is to quash individualism in furtherance of political goals:

When Hitler and Mussolini attack the "western democracies" they insinuate that their "republic" is not genuine. National Socialism envisages abolishing the difference in wealth, education, intellect, taste, philosophy, and habits past a leveling procedure which necessitates in turn a full control over the child and the adolescent. Every personal attitude will be branded—after communist design—as "conservative," and this in spite of the fact that the conservative is the representative of the most herdist form in the world, and that National Socialism is a basically bourgeois move. In Mein Kampf , Hitler repeatedly speaks of the "masses" and the "herd" referring to the people. The German language people should probably, in his view, remain a mass of identical "individuals" in an enormous sand heap or ant heap, identical even to the colour of their shirts, the garment nearest to the trunk.[38]

In his The Second World War, published in several volumes in the late 1940s and early 1950s, Winston Churchill wrote that he felt that subsequently Hitler's ascension to power, no other book than Mein Kampf deserved more than intensive scrutiny.[39]

Later assay

The critic George Steiner has suggested that Mein Kampf can be seen as one of several books that resulted from the crisis of German culture post-obit Germany's defeat in Globe War I, comparable in this respect to the philosopher Ernst Bloch's The Spirit of Utopia (1918), the historian Oswald Spengler'south The Turn down of the Due west (1918), the theologian Franz Rosenzweig's The Star of Redemption (1921), the theologian Karl Barth'due south The Epistle to the Romans (1922), and the philosopher Martin Heidegger'due south Being and Time (1927).[40]

On translation

A number of translators take commented on the poor quality of Hitler's use of linguistic communication in writing Mein Kampf. Olivier Mannoni, who translated the 2021 French critical edition, said well-nigh the original German text that information technology was "An breathless soup, one could become half-mad translating it," and said that previous translations had corrected the language, giving the false impression that Hitler was a "cultured human being" with "coherent and grammatically correct reasoning". He added "To me, making this text elegant is a crime."[7] Mannoni'due south comments are similar to those made by Ralph Manheim, who did the commencement English-language translation in 1943. Mannheim wrote in the foreword to the edition "Where Hitler'south formulations challenge the reader's credulity I take quoted the German original in the notes." This evaluation of the awfulness of Hitler's prose and his disability to express his opinions coherently was shared past William S. Schlamm, who reviewed Manheim's translation in The New York Times, writing that "there was not the faintest similarity to a idea and barely a trace of language."[41]

German publication history

While Hitler was in power (1933–1945), Mein Kampf came to be bachelor in three common editions. The outset, the Volksausgabe or People's Edition, featured the original cover on the dust jacket and was navy blue underneath with a gold swastika eagle embossed on the comprehend. The Hochzeitsausgabe , or Wedding Edition, in a slipcase with the seal of the province embossed in gilt onto a parchment-similar embrace was given free to marrying couples. In 1940, the Tornister-Ausgabe , or Knapsack Edition, was released. This edition was a meaty, only unabridged, version in a red comprehend and was released by the mail service part, available to be sent to loved ones fighting at the front. These three editions combined both volumes into the same book.

A special edition was published in 1939 in honor of Hitler's 50th birthday. This edition was known as the Jubiläumsausgabe , or Anniversary Issue. It came in both dark blue and bright crimson boards with a gilded sword on the cover. This work independent both volumes one and two. Information technology was considered a deluxe version, relative to the smaller and more than common Volksausgabe .

The book could also exist purchased every bit a two-volume set during Hitler's rule, and was available in soft cover and hardcover. The soft cover edition contained the original cover (as pictured at the top of this commodity). The hardcover edition had a leather spine with material-covered boards. The comprehend and spine contained an prototype of three dark-brown oak leaves.

2016 critical edition

After Hitler's expiry, the copyright passed to the authorities of Bavaria, which refused to permit information technology to be republished. The copyright ran out on December 31, 2015.

On 3 Feb 2010, the Institute of Contemporary History (IfZ) in Munich announced plans to republish an annotated version of the text, for educational purposes in schools and universities, in 2015. The book had final been published in Germany in 1945.[42] The IfZ argued that a republication was necessary to go an administrative annotated edition by the time the copyright ran out, which might open the way for neo-Nazi groups to publish their ain versions.[43] The Bavarian Finance Ministry opposed the plan, citing respect for victims of the Holocaust. It stated that permits for reprints would not be issued, at habitation or abroad. This would also utilise to a new annotated edition.

There was disagreement about the outcome of whether the republished volume might be banned as Nazi propaganda. The Bavarian government emphasized that fifty-fifty after expiration of the copyright, "the broadcasting of Nazi ideologies will remain prohibited in Germany and is punishable under the penal code".[44] Still, the Bavarian Science Minister Wolfgang Heubisch supported a disquisitional edition, stating in 2010, "Once Bavaria's copyright expires, there is the danger of charlatans and neo-Nazis appropriating this infamous book for themselves".[43]

On 12 December 2013 the Bavarian government cancelled its financial support for an annotated edition. IfZ, which was preparing the translation, announced that it intended to proceed with publication after the copyright expired.[45] The IfZ scheduled an edition of Mein Kampf for release in 2016.[46]

Richard Verber, vice-president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, stated in 2015 that the board trusted the academic and educational value of republishing. "We would, of course, be very wary of any attempt to glorify Hitler or to belittle the Holocaust in any way", Verber declared to The Observer. "Just this is not that. I do understand how some Jewish groups could be upset and nervous, but it seems it is beingness done from a historical betoken of view and to put it in context".[47]

The annotated edition of Mein Kampf was published in Germany in January 2016 and sold out within hours on Amazon's German site. The two-book edition included about 3,500 notes, and was almost 2,000 pages long.[48] Usually, according to Gerhard Weinberg, the information in the annotated edition that accompanies a affiliate is mostly near when the chapter was written, though "in some cases" there is commentary on the nature and argument of the affiliate.[49]

The book's publication led to public debate in Germany, and divided reactions from Jewish groups, with some supporting, and others opposing, the conclusion to publish.[29] German officials had previously said they would limit public access to the text amid fears that its republication could stir neo-Nazi sentiment.[fifty] Some bookstores stated that they would not stock the book. Dussmann, a Berlin bookstore, stated that one copy was available on the shelves in the history section, but that it would not exist advertised and more than copies would be bachelor but on order.[51] By January 2017, the German annotated edition had sold over 85,000 copies.[52]

Gerhard Weinberg wrote a generally positive review of the annotated edition, praising the selection to include non merely editors' comments but also changes of the original text. He said that notes such every bit those of chapters viii and 9 "will be extremely helpful" about the situation in the fourth dimension of Hitler'southward entry into politics, and lauded the notes to chapter 11 ("People and Race") every bit "all-encompassing and very helpful" besides. On the negative side, Weinberg noted that the editors make a faux correction at one point; that they miss an informative book on German atrocities during Earth War I; that they include a survey of Nazi membership too late; and that all of his own work on Hitler goes unmentioned in the bibliography.[49]

English translations

E'er since the early 1930s, the history of Adolf Hitler'south Mein Kampf in English has been complicated and has been the occasion for controversy.[53] [54] No fewer than four full translations were completed before 1945, as well as a number of extracts in newspapers, pamphlets, regime documents and unpublished typescripts. Not all of these had official approving from his publishers, Eher Verlag. Since the war, the 1943 Ralph Manheim translation has been the well-nigh popular published translation, though other versions accept continued to circulate.

Current availability

At the fourth dimension of his suicide, Hitler'due south official place of residence was in Munich, which led to his entire manor, including all rights to Mein Kampf , changing to the ownership of the state of Bavaria. The regime of Bavaria, in understanding with the federal authorities of Germany, refused to permit any copying or printing of the book in Germany. It as well opposed copying and printing in other countries, but with less success. As per German copyright police force, the unabridged text entered the public domain on one January 2016, upon the expiration of the agenda year 70 years afterward the author's decease.[55]

Owning and ownership the book in Germany is not an offence. Trading in one-time copies is lawful besides, unless it is done in such a style as to "promote hatred or state of war." In particular, the unmodified edition is not covered by §86 StGB that forbids broadcasting of ways of propaganda of unconstitutional organizations, since it is a "pre-constitutional work" and as such cannot be opposed to the gratis and democratic basic guild, according to a 1979 decision of the Federal Courtroom of Justice of Germany.[56] Most German libraries carry heavily commented and excerpted versions of Mein Kampf . In 2008, Stephan Kramer, secretary-full general of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, not only recommended lifting the ban, but volunteered the assistance of his organization in editing and annotating the text, proverb that it is time for the book to be made available to all online.[57]

A diverseness of restrictions or special circumstances apply in other countries.

France

In 1934, the French government unofficially sponsored the publication of an unauthorized translation. It was meant every bit a alarm and included a critical introduction past Marshal Lyautey ("Every Frenchman must read this book"). It was published by far-right publisher Fernand Sorlot in an agreement with the activists of LICRA who bought 5000 copies to be offered to "influential people"; however, most of them treated the book every bit a coincidental gift and did not read information technology.[58] The Nazi authorities unsuccessfully tried to accept it forbidden. Hitler, as the author, and Eher-Verlag, his German publisher, had to sue for copyright infringement in the Commercial Court of France. Hitler'southward lawsuit succeeded in having all copies seized, the impress broken up, and having an injunction confronting booksellers offering any copies. Notwithstanding, a large quantity of books had already been shipped and stayed bachelor secret by Sorlot.[59]

In 1938, Hitler licensed for France an authorized edition by Fayard, translated by François Dauture and Georges Blond, defective the threatening tone confronting France of the original. The French edition was 347 pages long, while the original title was 687 pages, and it was titled Ma doctrine ("My doctrine").[60]

After the war, Fernand Sorlot re-edited, re-issued, and continued to sell the work, without permission from the state of Bavaria, to which the writer's rights had defaulted.

In the 1970s, the ascent of the extreme right in France along with the growing of Holocaust denial works, placed the Mein Kampf under judicial sentinel and in 1978, LICRA entered a complaint in the courts against the publisher for inciting antisemitism. Sorlot received a "substantial fine" simply the court also granted him the correct to proceed publishing the piece of work, provided certain warnings and qualifiers accompany the text.[59]

On ane January 2016, seventy years after the author's death, Mein Kampf entered the public domain in France.[59]

A new edition was published in 2017 by Fayard, at present part of the Groupe Hachette, with a critical introduction, just as the edition published in 2018 in Germany by the Institut für Zeitgeschichte , the Plant of Contemporary History based in Munich.[59]

In 2021, a 1,000 page disquisitional edition, based on the German edition of 2016, was published in France. Titled Historiciser le mal: Une édition critique de Mein Kampf ("Historicizing Evil: A Critical Edition of Mein Kampf"), with almost twice every bit much commentary as text, information technology was edited by Florent Brayard and Andraes Wirsching, translated by Olivier Mannoni, and published by Fayard. The print run was deliberately kept modest at 10,000 bachelor only by special order, with copies set aside for public libraries. Gain from the sale of the edition are earmarked for the Auschwitz-Birkenau Foundation. Some critics who had objected in advance to the edition's publication had fewer objections upon publication. I historian noted that there were so many annotations that Hitler'south text had become "secondary."[7]

India

Since its first publication in India in 1928, Mein Kampf has gone through hundreds of editions and sold over 100,000 copies.[61] [62] Mein Kampf was translated into various Indian languages such as Hindi, Gujarati, Malayalam, Tamil and Bengali.[63]

Israel

An extract of Mein Kampf in Hebrew was first published in 1992 by Akadamon with 400 copies.[64] Then the complete translation of the book in Hebrew was published by the Hebrew Academy of Jerusalem in 1995. The translator was Dan Yaron, a Vienna-born retired instructor and Holocaust survivor.[65]

Latvia

On v May 1995 a translation of Mein Kampf released past a small Latvian publishing firm Vizītkarte began appearing in bookstores, provoking a reaction from Latvian authorities, who confiscated the approximately 2,000 copies that had made their style to the bookstores and charged director of the publishing business firm Pēteris Lauva with offences under anti-racism law.[66] Currently the publication of Mein Kampf is forbidden in Republic of latvia.[67] [ additional citation(due south) needed ]

In Apr 2018 a number of Russian-language news sites (Baltnews, Zvezda, Sputnik, Komsomolskaya Pravda and Komprava among others) reported that Adolf Hitler had allegedly become more than popular in Latvia than Harry Potter, referring to a Latvian online book trading platform ibook.lv, where Mein Kampf had appeared at the No. ane position in "The Most Current Books in seven Days" list.[68] [69] [seventy]

In research done past Polygraph.info who called the claim "false", ibook.lv was just the 878th most popular website and 149th most popular shopping site in Republic of latvia at the time, according to Alexa Internet. In addition to that, the website but had 4 copies on sale past individual users and no users wishing to purchase the volume.[69] Possessor of ibook.lv pointed out that the book list is non based on bodily deals, simply rather folio views, of which 70% in the instance of Mein Kampf had come up from anonymous and unregistered users she believed could be fake users.[70] Ambassador of Republic of latvia to the Russian Federation Māris Riekstiņš responded to the story by tweeting "everyone, who wishes to know what books are really bought and read in Latvia, are advised to address the largest book stores @JanisRoze; @valtersunrapa; @zvaigzneabc".[68] The BBC also acknowledged the story was false news, adding that in the last iii years Mein Kampf had been requested for borrowing for simply 139 times across all libraries in Latvia, in comparison with around 25,000 requests for books nearly Harry Potter.[70]

Netherlands

In the Netherlands Mein Kampf was not available for sale for years post-obit World State of war II.[71] [72] Auction has been prohibited since a court ruling in the 1980s. In September 2018, still, Dutch publisher Prometheus officially released an bookish edition of the 2016 German translation with comprehensive introductions and annotations by Dutch historians.[73] Information technology marks the start time the book is widely available to the general public in the Netherlands since World State of war Two.

Romania

On 20 Apr 1993, nether the sponsorship of the vice-president of the Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania, Sibiu-based Pacific publishers began issuing a Romanaian edition of Mein Kampf. The local authorities promptly banned the sale and confiscated the copies, citing Article 166 of the Penal Lawmaking. Nevertheless, the ban was overturned on appeal past the Prosecutor General on 27 May 1993. Primary Rabbi Moses Rosen protested, and on x July 1993 President Ion Iliescu asked the Prosecutor General in writing to reinstate the ban of further printing and have the book withdrawn from the market. On viii Nov 1993, the Prosecutor General rebuffed Iliescu, stating that the publication of the book was an act of spreading data, not conducting fascist propaganda. Although Iliescu deplored this answer "in strictly judicial terms", this was the finish of the matter.[74] [75]

Russian federation

In the Soviet Union, the publication "Mein Kampf" appeared 1 of the first in 1933, translated by Grigory Zinoviev.[76] In the Russian federation, Mein Kampf has been published at least three times since 1992; the Russian text is too bachelor on websites. In 2006 the Public Chamber of Russia proposed banning the book. In 2009 Saint petersburg'southward branch of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs requested to remove an annotated and hyper-linked Russian translation of the volume from a historiography website.[77] [78] [79] On 13 April 2010, it was announced that Mein Kampf is outlawed on grounds of extremism promotion.[80]

Sweden

Mein Kampf has been reprinted several times since 1945; in 1970, 1992, 2002 and 2010. In 1992 the Regime of Bavaria tried to cease the publication of the book, and the case went to the Supreme Court of Sweden which ruled in favour of the publisher, stating that the book is protected past copyright, simply that the copyright holder is unidentified (and non the State of Bavaria) and that the original Swedish publisher from 1934 had gone out of business concern. Information technology therefore refused the Government of Bavaria's claim.[81] The simply translation changes came in the 1970 edition, but they were only linguistic, based on a new Swedish standard.[ citation needed ]

Turkey

Mein Kampf (Turkish: Kavgam) was widely available and growing in popularity in Turkey, even to the signal where it became a bestseller, selling upwards to 100,000 copies in just ii months in 2005. Analysts and commentators believe the popularity of the book to exist related to a ascent in nationalism and anti-U.S. sentiment. İvo Molinas [tr] of Şalom stated this was a result of "what is happening in the Eye E, the Israeli-Palestinian problem and the war in Iraq."[82] Doğu Ergil, a political scientist at Ankara University, said both far-right ultranationalists and extremist Islamists had establish mutual footing – "non on a common calendar for the future, but on their anxieties, fears and hate".[83]

Us

In the United States, Mein Kampf can be institute at many community libraries and tin can exist bought, sold and traded in bookshops.[84] The U.S. regime seized the copyright in September 1942[85] during the Second World State of war under the Trading with the Enemy Act and in 1979, Houghton Mifflin, the U.S. publisher of the book, bought the rights from the government pursuant to 28 CFR 0.47.[86] More than than 15,000 copies are sold a twelvemonth.[84] In 2016, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt reported that it was having difficulty finding a charity that would have profits from the sales of its version of Mein Kampf , which it had promised to donate.[87]

Online availability

In 1999, the Simon Wiesenthal Center documented that the book was available in Germany via major online booksellers such as Amazon and Barnes & Noble. After a public outcry, both companies agreed to cease those sales to addresses in Germany.[88] In March 2020 Amazon banned sales of new and second-mitt copies of Mein Kampf , and several other Nazi publications, on its platform.[89] The book remains bachelor on Barnes and Noble'due south website.[90] It is also available in various languages, including German, at the Internet Archive.[91] 1 of the commencement complete English translations was published by James Vincent Murphy in 1939.[92] The Irish potato translation of the book is freely available on Projection Gutenberg Australia.[93]

Sequel

Afterwards the party's poor showing in the 1928 elections, Hitler believed that the reason for his loss was the public's misunderstanding of his ideas. He and then retired to Munich to dictate a sequel to Mein Kampf to aggrandize on its ideas, with more than focus on strange policy.

Only two copies of the 200-folio manuscript were originally fabricated, and only 1 of these was ever made public. The document was neither edited nor published during the Nazi era and remains known every bit Zweites Buch , or "Second Book". To keep the document strictly cloak-and-dagger, in 1935 Hitler ordered that it be placed in a safe in an air raid shelter. Information technology remained there until being discovered past an American officer in 1945.

The authenticity of the document found in 1945 has been verified by Josef Berg, a erstwhile employee of the Nazi publishing business firm Eher Verlag, and Telford Taylor, a former brigadier full general of the Us Army Reserve and Chief Counsel at the Nuremberg war-crimes trials.

In 1958, the Zweites Buch was found in the athenaeum of the United States by American historian Gerhard Weinberg. Unable to discover an American publisher, Weinberg turned to his mentor – Hans Rothfels at the Constitute of Contemporary History in Munich, and his associate Martin Broszat – who published Zweites Buch in 1961. A pirated edition was published in English in New York in 1962. The first authoritative English language edition was non published until 2003 (Hitler'south Second Book: The Unpublished Sequel to Mein Kampf, ISBN i-929631-16-two).

See besides

  • Berlin Without Jews, a dystopian satirical novel about German antisemitism, published in the same year as Mein Kampf
  • Generalplan Ost, Hitler'south "new lodge of ethnographical relations"
  • Ich Kämpfe
  • Gustave Le Bon, a primary influence of this volume and crowd psychology
  • List of books banned past governments
  • LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii
  • Mein Kampf in Arabic
  • The Myth of the Twentieth Century
  • Ukrainian military doctrine

References

Notes

  1. ^ Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"), Adolf Hitler (originally 1925–1926), Reissue edition (15 September 1998), Publisher: Mariner Books, Language: English language, paperback, 720 pages, ISBN 978-1495333347
  2. ^ Shirer 1960, p. 85.
  3. ^ Robert Grand.L. Waite, The Psychopathic God: Adolf Hitler, Basic Books, 1977, pp. 237–243
  4. ^ Heinz, Heinz (1934). Deutschland'south Hitler. Hurst & Blackett. p. 191.
  5. ^ Payne, Robert (1973). The Life and Decease of Adolf Hitler. Popular Library. p. 203.
  6. ^ Shirer 1960, pp. 80–81.
  7. ^ a b c Bredeen, Aurelien (June 2, 2021) "Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' Gets New French Edition, With Each Prevarication Annotated" The New York Times
  8. ^ Bullock 1999, p. 121.
  9. ^ Richard Cohen. "Guess Who's on the Backlist". The New York Times. 28 June 1998. Retrieved 24 April 2008.
  10. ^ "Mein Kampf – The Text, its Themes and Hitler's Vision", History Today
  11. ^ "Mein Kampf". Cyberspace Annal. 1941.
  12. ^ Browning, Christopher R. (2003). Initiating the Concluding Solution: The Fateful Months of September–October 1941. Washington, D.C.: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Center for Avant-garde Holocaust Studies. p. 12. OCLC 53343660.
  13. ^ Graves, Philip (1921). The truth nearly 'The Protocols': a literary forgery (pamphlet) (articles drove). The Times of London. Archived from the original on x May 2013.
  14. ^ Hitler, Adolf. "11: Nation and Race". Mein Kampf. Vol. I. pp. 307–308.
  15. ^ Nora Levin, The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry 1933–1945
  16. ^ Ian Kershaw, Hitler 1889–1936 Hubris (1999), p. 258
  17. ^ Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, Volume One – A Reckoning, Chapter XII: The First Menses of Development of the National Socialist German Workers' Party
  18. ^ Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, Volume Two – A Reckoning, Chapter XV: The Right of Emergency Defense, p. 984, quoted in Yahlil, Leni (1991). "ii. Hitler Implements Twentieth-Century Anti-Semitism". The Holocaust: The Fate of European Jewry, 1932–1945. Oxford University Press. p. 51. ISBN978-0-nineteen-504523-ix. OCLC 20169748. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  19. ^ A. Hitler. Mein Kampf (Munich: Franz Eher Nachfolger, 1930), p. 478
  20. ^ Joachim Fest, Hitler, p. 60
  21. ^ Francisco Bethencourt, Racisms: From the Crusades to the Twentieth Century, p. 325
  22. ^ "Hitler's expansionist aims > Professor Sir Ian Kershaw > WW2History.com". ww2history.com.
  23. ^ Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, Eastern Orientation or Eastern policy
  24. ^ Joachim C. Fest (2013). Hitler. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 216. ISBN978-0-544-19554-seven.
  25. ^ Richard Weikart, Hitler's Ethnic, p. 73
  26. ^ a b c d "Mythos Ladenhüter" Spiegel Online
  27. ^ a b "Hitler dodged taxes, expert finds" BBC News
  28. ^ Timothy W. Ryback (half dozen July 2010). Hitler's Private Library: The Books that Shaped his Life. Random House. pp. 92–93. ISBN978-1-4090-7578-3.
  29. ^ a b "Loftier demand for reprint of Hitler's Mein Kampf takes publisher by surprise". The Guardian. eight January 2016.
  30. ^ "Mein Kampf work by Hitler". Encyclopædia Britannica. Concluding updated 19 February 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2015 from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/373362/Mein-Kampf
  31. ^ Smith, Denis Mack. 1983. Mussolini: A Biography. New York: Vintage Books. p. 172. London: Paladin, p. 200
  32. ^ Uregina.ca Archived 25 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  33. ^ Gunther, John (1940). Inside Europe. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 31.
  34. ^ Orwell, George. "Mein Kampf" review, reprinted in The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Vol 2., Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus, eds., Harourt Brace Jovanovich 1968
  35. ^ Francis Stuart Campbell, pen name of Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn (1943), Menace of the Herd, or, Procrustes at Large, Milwaukee, WI: The Bruce Publishing Visitor
  36. ^ Kuehnelt-Leddihn, p. 159
  37. ^ Kuehnelt-Leddihn, p. 201
  38. ^ Kuehnelt-Leddihn, pp. 202–203
  39. ^ Winston Churchill: The 2d World War. Book 1, Houghton Mifflin Books 1986, S. fifty. "Here was the new Koran of organized religion and war: turgid, verbose, shapeless, but pregnant with its message."
  40. ^ Steiner, George (1991). Martin Heidegger. Chicago: The Academy of Chicago Printing. pp. vii–8. ISBN0-226-77232-2.
  41. ^ Schlamm, William Southward. (Oct 17, 1943) "German language Best Seller; MEIN KAMPF. By Adolf Hitler. Translated past Ralph Manheim. 694 pp. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. $3.50." The New York Times
  42. ^ "'Mein Kampf' to see its first post-WWII publication in Germany". The Independent. London. 6 Feb 2010. Archived from the original on 12 February 2010.
  43. ^ a b Juergen Baetz (5 February 2010). "Historians Hope to Publish 'Mein Kampf' in Germany". The Seattle Times.
  44. ^ Kulish, Nicholas (iv February 2010). "Rebuffing Scholars, Frg Vows to Keep Hitler Out of Print". The New York Times.
  45. ^ "Bavaria abandons plans for new edition of Mein Kampf". BBC News. 12 December 2013.
  46. ^ Alison Smale (1 December 2015). "Scholars Unveil New Edition of Hitler'south 'Mein Kampf'". The New York Times.
  47. ^ Vanessa Thorpe (26 December 2015). "British Jews give wary approval to the return of Hitler'due south Mein Kampf". The Guardian.
  48. ^ Eddy, Melissa (8 January 2016). "'Mein Kampf,' Hitler's Manifesto, Returns to German Shelves". The New York Times . Retrieved eight January 2016.
  49. ^ a b Weinberg, Gerhard L. (25 April 2017). "Hitler, Mein Kampf: Eine kritische Edition Edited past Christian Hartmann, Thomas Vordermayer, Othmar Plöckinger, Roman Töppel, and Edith Raim, et al". academic.oup.com . Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  50. ^ "Copyright of Adolf Hitler'southward Mein Kampf expires". BBC News. January 2016.
  51. ^ "Mein Kampf hits stores in tense Germany". BBC News. 8 January 2016.
  52. ^ "The annotated version of Hitler'southward 'Mein Kampf' is a hit in Federal republic of germany". Business organization Insider.
  53. ^ "HOUGHTON-MIFFLIN, BEWARE!". The Lookout man. xiv September 1933.
  54. ^ "Hitler Aberration". The Sentry. 8 June 1939.
  55. ^ § 64 Allgemeines, High german Copyright Law. The copyright has been relinquished for the Dutch and Swedish editions and some English language ones (though non in the U.Due south., see below).
  56. ^ Judgement of 25 July 1979 – 3 StR 182/79 (S); BGHSt 29, 73 ff.
  57. ^ "Jewish Leader Urges Book Ban End", Dateline Earth Jewry, World Jewish Congress, July/August 2008.
  58. ^ Bleustein-Blanchet, Marcel (1990). Les mots de ma vie [The words of my life] (in French). Paris: Robert Laffont. p. 271. ISBN2221067959. .
  59. ^ a b c d Braganca, Manu (10 June 2016). "La curieuse histoire de Mein Kampf en version française" [The curious history of Mein Kampf in the french version]. Le Bespeak (in French). Retrieved iv June 2019.
  60. ^ Barnes, James J.; Barnes, Patience P. (2008). Hitler's Mein Kampf in U.k. and America: A Publishing History 1930–39. United Kingdom: Cambridge Academy Printing. p. 271. ISBN978-0521072670. .
  61. ^ "Archiv – 33/2013 – Dschungel – Über die Wahrnehmung von Faschismus und Nationalsozialismus in Indien". Jungle-globe.com.
  62. ^ Gupta, Suman (17 November 2012). "On the Indian Readers of Hitler's Mein Kampf" (PDF). Economic & Political Weekly. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2013. Retrieved seven February 2021.
  63. ^ Noman, Natasha (12 June 2015). "The Strange History of How Hitler's 'Mein Kampf' Became a Bestseller in India". Mic . Retrieved vii Feb 2021.
  64. ^ "Israeli Publisher Issues Parts Of 'Mein Kampf' in Hebrew". The New York Times. five August 1992.
  65. ^ "Hebrew Translation Of Hitler Book To Be Printed". The Spokesman-Review. 16 February 1995. Archived from the original on 7 Feb 2021.
  66. ^ "Latvia Calls Halt to Sale of 'Mein Kampf'". Los Angeles Times. 21 May 1995. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  67. ^ Bowcott, Owen (18 June 2001). "Charity returns £250,000 royalties for Hitler's credo". The Guardian . Retrieved 9 October 2019. Portugal, Sweden, Norway, Latvia, Switzerland and Hungary have likewise all forbidden publication.
  68. ^ a b Sprūde, Viesturs. "Fake News: In Latvia Hitler'due south "Mein Kampf" is more popular than Harry Potter". Museum of the Occupation of Latvia. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  69. ^ a b "Sputnik and Zvezda Falsely Claim Hitler's Mein Kampf is more popular than Harry Potter in Latvia". Polygraph.info. 13 April 2018. Retrieved ix October 2019.
  70. ^ a b c "Exercise Latvians really read more Hitler than Harry Potter?". BBC News. 9 Oct 2019. Retrieved ix Oct 2019.
  71. ^ "Shop owner cleared of spreading hatred for selling Mein Kampf – DutchNews.nl". xiv Feb 2017.
  72. ^ "metronieuws.nl cookie consent". tmgonlinemedia.nl.
  73. ^ "De wetenschappelijke editie van Mein Kampf – Uitgeverij Prometheus". Uitgeverij Prometheus (in Dutch). 23 Baronial 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  74. ^ Yoram Dinstein, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, i iun. 1996, Israel Yearbook on Man Rights: 1995, pp. 414-415
  75. ^ Solomon, Daniela (14 December 2015). "Cum a fost tipărit și ars la Sibiu volumul 'Mein Kampf' al lui Hitler". Turnul Sfatului. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  76. ^ Alexander Watlin. "Mein Kampf". What to do? Gefter (December 24, 2014).
  77. ^ "A well-known historiography spider web site shut down over publishing Hitler's book", Newsru.com, 8 July 2009.
  78. ^ "Моя борьба". 2009. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  79. ^ Adolf Hitler, annotated and hyper-linked ed. past Vyacheslav Rumyantsev, archived from the original 12 February 2008; an abridged version remained intact.
  80. ^ "Radio Netherlands Worldwide". Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
  81. ^ "Hägglunds förlag". Hagglundsforlag.se. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012.
  82. ^ Smith, Helena (29 March 2005). "Mein Kampf sales soar in Turkey". The Guardian. London.
  83. ^ "Hitler book bestseller in Turkey". BBC News. xviii March 2005.
  84. ^ a b Pascal, Julia (25 June 2001). "Unbanning Hitler". New Statesman. Archived from the original on 29 September 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
  85. ^ "The Milwaukee Journal" – via Google News Archive Search. [ expressionless link ]
  86. ^ 28 CFR 0.47
  87. ^ "Boston publisher grapples with 'Mein Kampf' profits" The Boston Globe Retrieved iii May 2016.
  88. ^ Beyette, Beverly (5 Jan 2000). "Is detest for auction?". Los Angeles Times.
  89. ^ Waterson, Jim (sixteen March 2020). "Amazon bans auction of most editions of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf". The Guardian.
  90. ^ "Mein Kampf". Barnes & Noble. Retrieved twenty March 2020.
  91. ^ "Internet Annal Search: Mein Kampf". annal.org.
  92. ^ Murphy, John (14 January 2015). "Why did my grandfather translate Mein Kampf?". BBC News. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
  93. ^ "Mein Kampf – Projection Gutenberg Australia".

Bibliography

  • Bullock, Alan (1999) [1952]. Hitler: A Study in Tyranny. New York: Konecky & Konecky. ISBN978-1-56852-036-0.
  • Shirer, William Fifty. (1960). The Ascension and Fall of the Tertiary Reich. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Further reading

Hitler
  • Hitler, A. (1925). Mein Kampf, Ring 1, Verlag Franz Eher Nachfahren, München. (Volume one, publishing company Fritz Eher and descendants, Munich).
  • Hitler, A. (1927). Mein Kampf, Band 2, Verlag Franz Eher Nachfahren, München. (Book two, after 1930 both volumes were only published in 1 book).
  • Hitler, A. (1935). Zweites Buch (trans.) Hitler'south 2d Volume: The Unpublished Sequel to Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler. Enigma Books. ISBN 978-ane-929631-61-2.
  • Hitler, A. (1945). My Political Testament. Wikisource Version.
  • Hitler, A. (1945). My Private Will and Attestation. Wikisource Version.
  • Hitler, A., et al. (1971). Unmasked: two confidential interviews with Hitler in 1931. Chatto & Windus. ISBN 0-7011-1642-0.
  • Hitler, A., et al. (1974). Hitler'south Letters and Notes. Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-012832-one.
  • Hitler, A., et al. (2008). Hitler'south Table Talk. Enigma Books. ISBN 978-1-929631-66-7.
  • A. Hitler. Mein Kampf, Munich: Franz Eher Nachfolger, 1930
  • A. Hitler, Außenpolitische Standortbestimmung nach der Reichtagswahl Juni–Juli 1928 (1929; first published as Hitlers Zweites Buch, 1961), in Hitler: Reden, Schriften, Anordnungen, Februar 1925 bis Januar 1933, Vol IIA, with an introduction by G. L. Weinberg; One thousand. Fifty. Weinberg, C. Hartmann and K. A. Lankheit, eds (Munich: K. G. Saur, 1995)
  • Christopher Browning, Initiating the Terminal Solution: The Fateful Months of September–October 1941, Miles Lerman Eye for the Study of Jewish Resistance, U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum (Washington, D.C.: USHMM, 2003).
  • Gunnar Heinsohn, "What Makes the Holocaust a Uniquely Unique Genocide", Journal of Genocide Inquiry, vol. 2, no. 3 (2000): 411–430.
  • Eberhard Jäckel/Ellen Latzin, Mein Kampf (Adolf Hitler, 1925/26), published eleven May 2006, English version published three March 2020; in: Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
Others
  • Barnes, James J.; Barnes, Patience P. (1980). Hitler Mein Kampf in Uk and America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Printing.
  • Jäckel, Eberhard (1972). Hitler's Weltanschauung: A Blueprint For Power. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN0-8195-4042-0.
  • Hauner, Milan (1978). "Did Hitler Desire World Domination?". Journal of Gimmicky History. Periodical of Contemporary History, Vol. xiii, No. 1. 13 (1): 15–32. doi:10.1177/002200947801300102. JSTOR 260090. S2CID 154865385.
  • Hillgruber, Andreas (1981). Germany and the Two World Wars. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN0-674-35321-8.
  • Littauer-Apt, Rudolf M. (1939–1940). "The Copyright in Hitler'south 'Mein Kampf'". Copyright. 5: 57 et seq.
  • Michaelis, Meir (1972). "World Power Status or World Rule? A Survey of the Literature on Hitler's 'Programme of Globe Rule' (1937–1970)". The Historical Journal. 15 (2): 331–360. doi:10.1017/s0018246x00002624. JSTOR 2638127.
  • Rich, Norman (1973). Hitler'southward State of war Aims. New York: Norton. ISBN0-393-05454-3.
  • Trevor-Roper, Hugh (1960). "Hitlers Kriegsziele". Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte. viii: 121–133. ISSN 0042-5702.
  • Zusak, Markus (2006). The Book Thief. New York: Knopf. ISBN0-375-83100-ii.

External links

  • A review of Mein Kampf by George Orwell, showtime published in March 1940
  • Hitler's Mein Kampf Seen Equally Self-Assistance Guide For India's Business Students The Huffington Mail, 22 April 2009
  • Hitler book bestseller in Turkey, BBC News, xviii March 2005
  • Protestation at Czech Mein Kampf, BBC News, 5 June 2000
  • Mein Kampf a hitting on Dhaka streets, BBC News, 27 November 2009
  • Hitler's book stirs anger in Azerbaijan, BBC News, x December 2004
  • "Mein Kampf:" - Adolf Hitler'due south book Archived 19 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine, a Deutsche Welle television documentary covering the history of the volume through contemporary media and interviews with experts and German language citizens, narrated in English, 15 Baronial 2019

Online versions of Mein Kampf

German
  • 1936 edition (172.-173. printing) in German Fraktur script (71.4 Mb)
  • 1943 edition (3.8 MB)
  • German language version as an audiobook, human-read (27h 17m, 741 Mb)
English language
  • 1940 Mein Kampf: Operation Sea Lion Edition at annal.org
  • Murphy translation at Gutenberg
  • Murphy translation at greatwar.nl (pdf, txt)
  • Complete Dugdale abridgment at archive.org
  • 1939 Reynal and Hitchcock translation at annal.org.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mein_Kampf

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